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Olugbenga Ogunmoyela: Being An Omolúwàbí In The Midst Of Cultural Anomie

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Olugbenga Ogunmoyela: Being An Omolúwàbí In The Midst Of Cultural Anomie
Prof. Olugbenga Ogunmoyela

By Tunji Olaopa

Celebrating my knowledge and affinity with Professor Olugbenga Akin Ben Ogunmoyela certainly goes beyond the fact that he is my in-law. My invaluable wife, Olufunlola, hailed from the enviable Ogunmoyela family of Ifon, in Ose LGA of Ondo State. It is now more than 38 years ago when I first encountered the Ogunmoyela family, and that encounter had furthered my learning curve, especially with regard to the role of values as a core ingredient in the shaping of national rebirth and progress. I started that bit of my learning experience when I met the patriarch of the family, Papa V. B. T. Ogunmoyela, of blessed memory, who welcomed me to his Ibadan home at that time with a story that demonstrated the way families could serve as the value foundation of a nation. It is this unreserved commitment to family values that occasioned Papa’s immense respect and appreciation to my grandfather, Rev. D. A. Olaopa, the first chairman of the Afijio LGA of Oyo State and Balogun of the ancient Oyo town. As the narrative went, Papa’s career as an administrator went off to a commendable next level with a good dose of mentoring from Rev. Olaopa, when the former came on a posting to Oyo town.

Prof. Ogunmoyela is now the current olori-ebi (or patriarch) of the Ogunmoyela family. And he just retired from the Bells University of Technology, where he held the chair in Food Technology. He is the very living exemplar of all that is best in the Ogunmoyela’s family tradition; indeed, all that is virtuous in the value orientation that I grew up with in the fast-fading traditional value system that builds character and families. This makes Prof. Ogunmoyela worth celebrating as one of the remnants of a traditional framework that Nigeria requires. For those who have followed my commentaries so far, I place a great stock by value rebirth as a significant piece in achieving national development in Nigeria. Even the most brilliant diagnostic assessment of the postcolonial Nigerian predicaments must factor the high level of cultural and value anomie that we need to transcend to restore Nigeria to greatness. The absence of a value prism—indeed a national integrity system—accounts for why there is no ethical framework guiding political action across all strata. It accounts for why corruption, political, bureaucratic and nominal, has taken the center stage as the most significant value issue Nigeria has to engage. Corruption and the erosion of values in Nigeria raises the fundamental need for a cultural adjustment programme; a need for a moral rebirth as the first order of business for Nigerians.

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And this is what brought my celebratory lens to Prof. Ogunmoyela. He just achieved a double honor. He has entered the septuagenarian hall of fame, at 70; and he just delivered a deep valedictory lecture to signal his exit from Bells University after many years of meritorious service. 70 is an iconic age in biblical and social significations. When a person reaches the zenith of what the scripture and culture signal as the zenith of wisdom and hoary grace, I mean when a person becomes elderly in the deep Yoruba sense of an agbalagba, such a person deserves our attention in terms of what is said and what is communicated. In an age of instant wealth, and instant any other thing, character and values are becoming hard to come by. And so those who embody them require attention. I am talking about a character forged within the context of a good home, deep sense of service, and fundamental respect for others and for humanity. There is no surprise therefore that Prof. Ogunmoyela’s valedictory lecture delivered on the 21st of September, 2022 at Bells University, Ota, has that inherent quest to make the world a much better place for others. It is a didactic narration of a child that had to go through the battles of life without any significant assistance—a cow without a tail! For such a person, principles of success are expected, and he did not disappoint: believe in yourself, dare to trust God, think outside the box, be diligent and disciplined, invest in yourself.

The one that appeals to me the most is “always remember the son of whom you are.” That imperative resonates with my upbringing and cultural tutelage while growing up in my little hometown, Aawe in Oyo State. That injunction carries the burden of cultural heritage that every family name encodes. I carry this injunction around all through my training at the secondary school and the university education. I doubt if there is any student from a home founded on good Yoruba value that did not carry that burden. I am stretching my imagination with a question as to where we all lost that cultural imperative not to soil the family’s good name, especially when we grew up to become professionals, government functionaries, public servants, and so on. Why have we failed to translate such a cultural imperative into solid principles of service to the Nigerian nation?

READ ALSO: A Life Of Solidity And Value: Celebrating A. K. Ahmadu At 70

I am aware that this question, no matter how fundamental, has to be balanced by the context of deep anomie that those who want to do right and act with principles have to confront and engage with. In our attempt to make sense of life and progress in Nigeria, we all would have come across the saying: “If you can’t beat them, you join them.” There are so many who have been dragged into abandoning supposedly futile cultural and moral instructions to “join them” while many who have refused to join them have either left the country or have adopted the siddon-look posture of cynicism, resignation and non-involvement. This leaves only few individuals who keep struggling with the patriot desire to build Nigeria, even at great cost to their lives and existence. And this is no mere worry. Many heroes and heroines have been hounded, in the whole dynamic, to death and then celebrated after they are dead. Those who choose to remain within that national space of demanding tension have to make a choice among forthrightness, capitulation or resignation. I have lived with this tension. And this is especially with regard to my professional course as an institutional reformer in a national context of a Federal civil service that is averse to reform, reform-mindedness and being change agent. I started my professional reform sojourn with the arrogant naivety that reform requires 70% technical expertise and only 30% political acumen. It took many years of institutional frustration to come to the critical sense that the reverse is the case. And even after that shocking realization, I kept struggling to ensure that I do not get too comfortable as to become that someone I would not recognize with time.

Prof. Ogunmoyela carries the weight of an omolúwàbí so well through all the years when life has bounced him through all the thick and thin without anyone to guide him. In all his years wading through the tough terrains of research, academia and industry, Prof. Ogunmoyela has remained uncompromising in carrying the spirit of his spiritual and cultural principles; of always remembering the son of whom he is, even while being derided for rigidity and eccentricity, or as it’s commonly put, ‘he’s principled to a fault’. That is a tough accomplishment given that he has had to operate within several situations of anomie and even hostility from those who prefer to compromise by joining the crowd.

READ ALSO: Chika Okeke-Agulu: Shining The Spotlight On A True ‘Son of the Soil’

An omolúwàbí, within the Yoruba cultural and moral framework, is not a perfect being or a saint, and Prof. Ogunmoyela is not one. He is just a person who has made the conscious decisions to achieve two ends. The first is to consciously adopt and adapt behavior and attitudes that make him a social being who deploy the highest moral comportment as a member of the moral community—forthrightness, civility, integrity, transparency, compassion, humility, and so on. An omolúwàbí is of course beloved, because he or she is a valuable member of the societies; and he or she is valuable in two senses—one, for adopting values that make progress possible, and for being invaluable to the community. The second end has to do with the omolúwàbí’s other-regarding qualities. Indeed, the omolúwàbí is someone whose is valuable to the community because he or she has relational qualities that will not jeopardize communal sense of belonging. An omolúwàbí will not corner the commonwealth for personal use. And would not undermine the communal bond for self-aggrandizement. Of course, the omolúwàbí is not immune to temptation. It’s just that he or she would be checked at all points by the counter-suggestion that a good name is better than gold.

This is the lesson to be learnt from the trajectories of life and career of my dear brother, Prof. Ogunmoyela—even in the absence of godfathers to pave your ways, you can still leave marks through dedication and service. Ogunmoyela ran the gauntlet of life and profession by trusting in his principles and in God. His eyes were always cast back to his cultural formation and the moral lessons inscribed on his conscience by a virtue-conscious family, a sense of purpose and an unrelenting desire to always tread the path of honor, with eternity in focus. From him, we recognize what Aristotle has been saying many centuries ago: a nation becomes the site of continuous moral rebirth if value consciousness can be ingrained upon the national consciousness through millions of individuals who have been habituated to behave well. Starting from the family, the value trajectory of virtuous individuals—like Professor Ogunmoyela and the godly children he has been commissioned to train to be like him, in the order of Abraham—reaches forward into communal and national development.

Of course, all citizens cannot be virtuous. What Nigeria is lacking is a critical mass of virtuous and patriotic omolúwàbí. At least we have one in septuagenarian Ogunmoyela—and his entire household after him.

.Olaopa is a retired Federal Permanent Secretary, and Professor, National Institute For Policy and Strategic Studies
(NIPSS), Kuru, Jos .
tolaopa2003@gmail.com

 

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Opinion

Fear Of Witchcraft And Politics In Zambia

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Witch Burning, Impunity And Abuses Linked to Witchcraft Beliefs In Benue State
Dr Leo Igwe

By Leo Igwe

The Advocacy for Alleged Witches (AfAW) is concerned over the reported arrest of two men accused of being ‘witchdoctors’ in Zambia. The arrest underscores the potency of witchcraft fears and the connection between occult anxieties and the country’s politics. These individuals were accused of trying to bewitch the Zambian president, Hakainde Hichilema. The police claimed that they had charms. They planned to use the charms to harm the president. The report says the two persons have been charged under Zambia’s Witchcraft Act. The Act criminalizes “possession of charms”, “professing knowledge of witchcraft”, and “cruelty to wild animals”. The police found the two with assorted charms, including a live chameleon.

This development is utterly embarrassing and shows that the Zambian government is slowly losing its focus and bearing.The country has many socio-economic challenges. Suspicion of bewitchment or possession of charms should be the least of its worries at this time. There should be no place for witchcraft and possession of charms in modern politics because there is no evidence for these beliefs and practices. Zambian authorities should not weaponize the Witchcraft Act or use it to justify this incident. Zambian law does not recognize witchcraft. Zambia’s Witchcraft Act criminalizes naming or imputing witchcraft. It prohibits accusing or threatening to accuse any person of being a witch or a wizard. In this case, it is the police who are breaking the law.

Otherwise, how did they know the two individuals were ‘witchdoctors’? Did these persons identify as witch doctors? If not, the police are liable because they named and imputed witchcraft and have to prove that these individuals have witch-doctoring powers. The police claimed to have charged these individuals for possessing “assorted charms”, including a chameleon. Really?

The police in Zambia have questions to answer: What are charms? How did they know that what was in their possession were charms, not pets? Is a chameleon a form of charm? What makes possession of a chameleon possession of a charm? When and how does a chameleon become a charm? The police need to answer these questions and more before one takes them seriously.

Again, did the individuals describe what was in possession as ‘charms’? If they did, does confessing or designating something as a charm make it a charm? And if they did not, the police are liable because they need to prove how those possessions translated into charms.

In addition, the police claimed that the duo wanted to bewitch the president. What does that mean? How did they know? Are the police not contravening a provision under the Witchcraft Act by professing knowledge of witchcraft? Can one harm another person using a chameleon? They claimed that the two persons wanted to use the charms in their possession, including the chameleon to harm the president. How did they know that? What is the evidence for that?

The Advocacy for Alleged Witches calls for an end to this state-sponsored witch hunt. There is no evidence of harm through witchcraft or charms. The Zambian government should desist from witchcraft- related infractions and violations including arbitrary arrest, and detention of innocent citizens. These allegations are baseless and absurd. The arrest was politically motivated. This development demonstrates that Zambian authorities are out of sync with their duty and obligation to uphold the rule of law and protect accused persons.

Zambian authorities need to act in compliance with the 2021 UN resolution, which urged states to take measures to combat abuses linked to witchcraft beliefs and ritual attacks. End witchcraft allegations in Zambia. End witch hunts in Africa now!

Dr Igwe directs the Advocacy for Alleged Witches.

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Opinion

Burning Issues: (FCT Minister And Paulosa) (2)

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Readers’ Showers Of Encouragement
Prof. Tony Afejuku

By Tony Afejuku

The other burning issue, apart from Farotimi and Babalola’s, which I wish to take a look at – and which I am taking a look at now – relates to what is happening in our capital territory. What is this burning issue – which our human rightists and civil society organisations and personages are surprisingly and un-satisfactorily not inclined to focus attention on and examine as they should? I may be wrong, but it surely seems to me that this issue, this burning issue, which is of more importance than Farotimi and Babalola’s – which has been given undue adulation – is deliberately being neglected and depreciated by proclaimers and heroes and heroines of human rights, justice, equity and equality of rights in your country my country our country. Why, why, why and why, why, why? Anyone who has any iota of patriotic sensibility, feeling and judgment well watered and buttressed by a very great influence upon his or her critical judgment will keep on asking the question I am asking.

Mr. Nyesom Wike, as almost everybody who can read and write a little knows, is the current minister of your, my and our Federal Capital Territory. His post or office is akin to that of a governor of a state. As the immediate past governor of Rivers State who was drafted, after his two terms there expired, to continue in the FCT as its new minister-governor or governor-minister under the auspices of a party he is not a true member of, Mr. Wike cannot but be seen as a lucky man. He is in every possible and impossible way. Minister-Governor Wike is a lucky man and a very fortunate one indeed. No former governor of Rivers State (or of any Nigerian state), as far as I know, has achieved what the famed political rouser of rabbles has achieved in one short gubernatorial life-time, and at a relatively young and fertile age. His dual achievement with and in two different political parties at this delicate point of Nigerian politics indicates to our politicians and us all that there is always time for a reminder that there are ready-made high rewards for arch-angels of betrayals. And Mr. Wike may go down in Rivers and Nigerian history as both an arch-angel and an emperor of betrayal of us all if we attempt to indicate what I have defined here as his dual achievement.

We can roughly divide, briefly, Wike’s political development into two periods. During the first, excluding his lower political positions before he became the governor of Rivers State, he quickly adapted his style to that of an emperor who became a rabble-rouser of rabble-rousers whose gubernatorial efficiency moved from stiffness to stiffness. He did not at any time feel that he needed suppleness to govern Rivers State. “Let the heavens fall if they must fall!” We are not there yet in this attempted analysis of the stiff-hearted and stiff-minded one. True? But he is already demonstrating this characteristic in Abuja. False? Judge and give the answer yourself.

Even after he left Rivers State a short while ago as governor, he is still trying to control happenings there to the political discomfiture of his hand-picked successor, his erstwhile “boy” and “son” – with whom he has fallen out. As the minister-governor or governor-minister of the FCT, Wike is occupied with the other taste of the emperor-juggernaut formulator – doing the work of two key political masters in one room and desk of political jugglery. Since his appearance in the FCT, minister-governor or governor-minister Wike has allegedly attempted to recover or transform for Abuja what is not traditionally or socially Abuja’s, for example, the city’s social idiom and landscape and terrain as well as its environs. In doing this he sometimes over-steps his bounds and mark of human/inhuman decency/indecency and psychological understanding of human nature, if you follow well what I am saying; he has so far become at best not really better than a typical pedestrian Nigerian lawyer and officer of political power: in his explorations so far in the Federal Capital Territory we have come to the realization, as T. S. Eliot would say, that “it is so often true that only by going too far can we find out how far we can go.” But one has to be a very negatively obstinate and self-serving emperor and a thorough-bred arch-angel of betrayal of the people and masses to justify such perilous and perfidious expeditions and adventures.

Last week, I saw on Arise Television “The Morning Show” Chief Rita Lori-Ogbebor, the dutiful widow of the late Nigerian supreme patriot and soldier, Colonel Ogbebor (of Benin stock) battling, so to say, to wrest the legacy of her late husband from the tight grip of the adventurous FCT minister-governor who has registered his name and signature in the hearts and consciousness of the people as the depriver of their possessions. The three anchors of “The Morning Show” were in their respective ways splendid in their structures of remarks and questions to Chief (Mrs.) Rita Lori-Ogbebor whom I have had occasions in times past to call patriotically Rita A-K 47 on account of her natural right to fire her beautiful tongue at any person, usually an enemy, of just actions. When she made the case she made to protect the estate of Paulosa Nigeria Limited, her late husband’s aforesaid legacy in the FCT, she was in her natural territory, habitat and element where even at age eighty-four, she never ever loses her stability – although she unusually restrained herself in the Arise Television appearance. Dr. Reuben Abati, Rufai Oseni, and Ayo Mairo-Ese clearly explored seriously but delightfully the mind of the mother-hen of Warri – my other coinage and appellation I gave her in my poetry. Her “The Morning Show” appearance enabled me to see the poignant cry de profundis of the FCT inhabitants whose property and residences in different guises have been demolished. She did not say anything that was out of joint. She spoke and came out as a mother, protector and symbol of the people who have suffered – and are suffering – from the state of affliction and anguish Wike’s demolitions have placed – and are placing – the people.

Ojy Okpe in her delicious and delectable “What is Trending” slot on the same show, showed without exaggeration but with further elaboration what people in and outside Abuja/FCT think of the mighty Wike’s demolitions, a burning issue that the Senate has asked “Let Heaven Fall” minister-governor Wike to halt as the committee the Senate set up on the issue starts its work. Of course, we cannot but assume that Chief Rita Lori-Ogbebor, Mrs. Natasha Akpoti-Uduaghan as well as Mrs. Ireti Kingigbe, the senator representing the FCT in the Senate and other patriotic senators diligently did what they did on the floor of the Senate when the burning issue was tabled for debate with the gracious understanding and authorization of the Senate President.

I need to state further that the “The Morning Show” anchors did well and extremely so by giving the minister-governor the opportunity to air his anti-Paulosa story. His senior special assistant on public communication and social media, Mr. Olalere Olayinka, stood in for him. After he gave the reasons for the clamp-down, his responses to the questions the anchors put to him followed the usual pattern of denials by artificial men in power – denials that they always use to intimidate and betray the people. In fact, Mr. Olayinka’s ploy to ride easily over our dear Rufai Oseni, a wholesome representative of the deprived, that the chap (or is it guy?) and his boss always employ their colloquial speeches and remarks to dishonor, failed. Yes, the ploy failed woefully. In stanza after stanza of the exchanges between Mr. Olayinka and the Arise anchors, he deteriorated – and his deterioration was hall-marked when he unwittingly revealed that the Paulosa land had been acquired by his minister-governor’s close cohort, an act that was nothing short of gross abuse of power and authority.

Because the Senate is already using its authority, power and privilege to resolve the burning issue, hopefully, in a way that the late Colonel Ogbebor’s legacy and family will not be subjected to any kind of degradation, I will utter no more words for now. I trust, however, that the liberties the Senate is taking – or has taken – are for the sake of order to favour the down-trodden.

As for the minister-governor, the PDP emperor at large, here is an immortal quote from Marcus Aurelius, the magnificent and authentic Roman Emperor and philosopher (A.D. 121-180): “If it is not right, do not do it; if it is not true, do not say it.” You lose nothing by giving us a slice of your humanity by your right acts and correct words. Everything changes and passes. Be humane as a human being.

Afejuku can be reached via 08055213059.

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Opinion

Questionstorm As A Method Of Teaching

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Witch Burning, Impunity And Abuses Linked to Witchcraft Beliefs In Benue State

By Leo Igwe

Recently, I facilitated a critical thinking workshop at the Bay Wreath Schools in Lagos. The theme was critical thinking and teacher development. As the theme stated, the workshop was on teaching, about teaching, and for teachers. It highlighted the pedagogical value of critical and reflective inquiry. The workshop exposed teachers to critical mental habits and skills. It emphasized how critical thinking would enhance expertise in the learning and delivery of subjects in classrooms.

I used the opportunity to discuss questionstorm as a method of teaching and learning. Questionstorm is a way that I operationalized critical thinking for primary and elementary schools. Questionstorm is the ability to interrogate all objects and materials. It is a habit of questioning ideas and experiences in all areas of human endeavor. Simply put, questionstorm is a question-driven inquiry. Children are naturally curious. They thirst for knowledge and understanding. Unfortunately, the school system kills children’s curiosity and dampens their interrogative appetite. The school system places much emphasis on rote learning and memorization. It makes the generation of answers not questions or problems the test of knowledge, and the determinant of intelligence. Teaching is largely a drudgery, a monotonous exercise, and a process of depositing knowledge on passive recipients, the students. Teaching entails dumping information on learners whose duty is to cram and reproduce during tests or examinations.

This teaching praxis has been criticized and blamed for the poor performance of students post-school (college and university) and their inability to think independently, creatively, and innovatively. Other teaching methods have tried to address these gaps and limitations. There have been suggestions to make teaching and instruction more active, and more student/learner/child-centered. One such method is the Montessori method. The Montessori method discourages grades and tests as ways of measuring achievement or determining intelligence and excellence. It emphasizes hands-on learning and the development of real-world skills. While the Montessori method stresses the practical approach to learning it says very little about the authoritarian teacher-to-student approach that is the mainstay of teaching and learning in classrooms. Teaching follows a pattern that leaves students and learners in the margins and unable to question and contribute to the learning process. Teachers present what is to be learned such as a text, and then generate questions that students respond or address to demonstrate knowledge of what has been taught. The student’s or learner’s main job is to answer questions, to look for or find answers or solutions. The teacher’s work is to get students to look for, and provide answers, and reproduce what they have been taught or told. But students are answer-depots. Students are not memory banks or reserves. They are active minds and thinking agents.

With questionstorm as a teaching method, the mode of instruction would change. Teaching becomes a cooperative endeavor that actively involves teachers and students. What is taught in the classroom is a collaborative note, not the teacher’s note, not a handout to students. Teachers present or generate texts or objects for learning, in response to intense questioning of the object or material by students, teachers provide information as required for that subject, topic, level, and time frame. No two instances of teaching – of the same topic or subject- are or should be the same because the input of students and teachers is not predetermined.
This is because of an overlooked principle in teaching and learning, that I call the “uncertainty principle”.

The uncertainty principle underlies questionstorm because knowledge is not fixed. Learning is a fluid process. All that is to be learned is uncertain, it is unknown and never determined. No teacher can say beforehand what is to be taught or learned because no one knows exactly the questions and answers or replies that would arise when a topic is presented or taught in a particular class. A topic or learning material elicits unique responses and exchanges that both teachers and students cannot exactly know or predict a priori, before the fact.

Teaching is a shared task and responsibility. Class notes are fluid materials. They are not texts cast on educational stones and delivered by teachers to students to copy, cut, and paste as is often the case. Class notes are not written or produced by teachers for students but by teachers with students. Teachers’ notes are incomplete and insufficient. They account only for a part, not a whole of the learning process and material. Students’ input completes and complements the teaching material and learning process. Thus every class note is unique because it is a product of a specific collaborative endeavor, a product of particular teaching and learning agents and circumstances that cannot be repeated or replicated.

Thus, as a teaching method, questionstorm is set to facilitate teacher development and improve the quality of instruction in schools. Questionstorm will help realize a paradigm shift in education and learning. I hope educators, teachers, and school managers will embrace this method of teaching and learning.

Dr  Igwe directs the Critical Thinking Social Empowerment Foundation.

 

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